Correction and Retraction

Journal of Future Education is committed to maintaining the accuracy and reliability of its published record. When an error or ethical concern is identified after publication, the editor will assess its nature, significance, and effect on the article.

Corrections may be issued for errors that affect the accuracy or clarity of the published record but do not invalidate the central findings or conclusions. A correction notice should identify the affected article, explain what was wrong, and provide the corrected information.

Expressions of Concern may be issued when a credible and potentially serious issue requires further investigation but the available evidence is insufficient for an immediate final decision.

Retractions may be considered when there is reliable evidence that an article's findings are substantially unreliable because of serious error, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, unjustified duplicate publication, serious ethical violations, or other circumstances that undermine the integrity of the publication.

The editor will consider the available evidence and, where appropriate, the authors' responses and advice from relevant experts or institutions. Authors will normally be given an opportunity to respond before a final decision is made, unless immediate action is necessary to protect readers or the scholarly record.

Correction and retraction notices must explain the reason for the action and be linked to the original article. Retracted articles should remain identifiable in the archive, with a clear retraction notice, rather than being silently removed.

Minor typographical or formatting errors may be addressed through routine editorial correction when they do not affect scholarly meaning. Substantive changes to findings, data, or conclusions must be documented transparently.